-Radiocarbon
14 Dating:.For
the ages to be valid, the amount of radioactive carbon 14 in the atmosphere
must have always been constant. Carbon 14 is produced by cosmic rays smashing
into nitrogen atoms near the top of the Earth's atmosphere. If the intensity
of cosmic radiation.was
different in the distant past, then the C-14 dating system will be
in error - 1) 2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7).
Also – "Contributing to
errors in radio carbon dating is the ground water problem; that is, it
seeps
into fossilized bones causing the proteins to break down more quickly than
they would otherwise, washing out the resulting amino acids and generally
playing havoc with a steadily ticking clock. The 70,000 year date was found
to be off by 63,000 years." ...The
Neanderthal Enigma.
Plants take in carbon dioxide
gas from the atmosphere and incorporate it into their tissues. Some of
that carbon dioxide contains the radioactive isotope
of carbon (14C or carbon 14). This decays at a known rate, so elapsed time
can be measured since the plant died – one half of the radioactive isotope
decays at 5,730 years. Carbon 14 persists in decaying after the death of
an organism, so once discovered, a part of the discovered fossil can be
burned to transform it into CO2
where detectors of radiation count the electron emission that occurs as
the CO2 decays into nitrogen. The amount of C-14 is referenced
to stable carbon – C-12 to conclude how much decay has occurred, thus
dating the fossil.
Because of errors
in measuring.(7
methods of radiocarbon dating) radiocarbon-14, dates are calibrated
(check, adjust, compare with a standard) against calendar dates for Egyptian
tomb artifacts
and construction dates recorded in early local texts.
Then there was the story
of a man whose tree was hit by lightning, who took a piece of that wood
in to be dated. The age for his five year old tree's piece of wood was
established to be approximately two hundred thousand years ago.
This is only one.type.of
radiometric dating. Of the seven methods
of radiometric dating, there are no easy (say, accurate) methods of
directly dating fossils, or even the
sedimentary
rocks which may hold them.
-Radiometric
Dating Methods:.Regular
rates of decay for radioactive elements were found in the Earth's rocks.
Five
main dating approaches apply, of which radiocarbon-14
is one of the
7 radiometric methods. Radiometric dating methods can only be used
on previously molten (liquid) rock such as lava or granite.
-Random
events:.Random
events (natural
selection acting upon random
mutations) cannot produce near perfect adaptation
by means of sequential
variations.
Evolution is disorder in
disguise, being a blend of randomness and determinism,
somewhat like the Roman god Janus, who had two heads looking in opposite
directions; that of, randomness – being not sure in which direction she
should go, and determinism – sure that she must be going somewhere.
Randomness,
or chance, can actually account for nothing. Thusly,
randomness and determinism can be transvalued
as deterministic chaos.
The concept of randomness
is another evolutionary argument from silence.
The creator of the Periodic
Table Of Elements and others,
discovered no randomness.
Some of the ideas in the
head facing the direction toward determinism are here.
Johnny
Von Neumann.(claimed
by others to be brighter than Einstein),
mathematician, believed with other mathematicians that there is a pattern
to randomness, that all is essentially ordered. Randomness is therefore
really the lack of understanding the pattern, much of which is supported
by the invisible.
Once the pattern is understood,
the concept of randomness disappears and with it any matters that may rely
upon it. And Stephen Wolfram
is well on his way towards intelligently comprehending this concept.
There can be no formal proof
that a string of species
has resulted from randomness as there can be no assurance that complexity
has been accounted for. Therefore evolution invalidates itself, and shows
itself to be the product of ignorance. Darwin perceived.symmetry
and sought a cause that could not be quantified.
Throughout this entire dissertation
the pattern of creation – the mosaic of life – has become readily
evident, eliminating natural selection's randomness, and thus, the theory
of evolution becomes simply an antiquated.dictum.
It can thus be said that ignorance of pattern spawns randomness. Does this
mean Darwin's random processes have no definitive
direction because they are ignorant blind processes?
One cause of ignorance is
lack of interest. Another is lack of
time to accurately arrive at quantitatively.verifiable
information. This is really the randomness; our on again, off again approach,
our hit and miss stabs at acquiring information, again, I think, mostly
due to lack of time, because most people must surely be interested in how
we got here and why we are here.
Evolution is an attempt (I
say an 'attempt', as evolution, being really
anti knowledge, presents an illusion of power to effect change, when
it is simply bluster) at intensification
of chance; that is, if evolutionists can increase that intensity (increasing
the possibilities), then weight is added to what evolutionists
have decided to believe.....continues
